Regions, Innovation Systems, and the North-South Divide in Italy
Using firm-level data collected by
Statistics Italy for 2008, 2011, and 2015, we examine the Triple-Helix
synergy among geographical and size distributions of firms, and the NACE
codes attributed to these firms, at the different levels of regional and
national government. At which levels is innovation-systemness indicated?
The contributions of regions to the Italian innovation system have
increased, but synergy generation between regions and supra-regionally
has remained at almost 45%. As against the statistical classification of
Italy into twenty regions or into Northern, Central, and Southern Italy,
the greatest synergy is retrieved by considering the country in terms of
Northern and Southern Italy as two sub-systems, with Tuscany included as
part of Northern Italy. We suggest that separate innovation strategies
should be developed for these two parts of the country. The current
focus on regions for innovation policies may to some extent be an
artifact of the statistics and EU policies. In terms of sectors, both
medium- and high-tech manufacturing (MHTM) and knowledge-intensive
services (KIS) are proportionally integrated in the various regions.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.11821 ; apologies for cross-postings.
Loet Leydesdorff & Ivan Cucco
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Loet Leydesdorff
Professor emeritus, University of Amsterdam
Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR)
loet@leydesdorff.net ;
http://www.leydesdorff.net/
Associate Faculty, SPRU, University of
Sussex;
Guest Professor Zhejiang Univ. ,
Hangzhou; Visiting Professor, ISTIC,
Beijing;
Visiting Fellow, Birkbeck , University of London;
http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ych9gNYAAAAJ&hl=en
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